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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Clancy
Street Boys (1943) East Side Kids DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
December 19: National Hard Candy Day: --
Colorful and sweet, hard candy brings back memories of childhood.
From fruity to minty, they're perfect for satisfying a sweet tooth
craving anytime! Also known as "boiled sweets", hard
candy dates back as far as the Ancient Egyptians, who would make
their own version of candy which was made from honey that they
would mix with various nuts as well as fruit. Of course, today's
hard candies are made almost exclusively from sugar. Used since
the 13th century, the English word 'candy' was likely derived from
the Arabic word 'qandi' which literally translates to "made
of sugar". In the 14th century the candy industry grew in
Europe when candy makers would boil sugar and combine it with nuts
and fruits like their Ancient Egyptian predecessors. By the 19th
century, as sugar began to become more accessible, hard candy was
becoming more popular in England as well as in North America. And,
today, the candy industry is huge not only in North America and
England, but all throughout the world. Cinnamon or peppermint,
butterscotch or strawberry, hard candy is delicious no matter what
a person's favorite flavor it is. With lots of different flavors
and brands to choose from, whether it's Brach's traditional
cinnamon discs or Jolly Rancher hard candies, this is the time to
get on board with celebrating National Hard Candy Day! Reminiscent
of grandma, who would always carry hard candies in her purse or
have a bowl full of them on the coffee table, National Hard Candy
Day offers an enticing reason to celebrate! On Sale @ 15% Off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Gimme That
Old Time Christmas! Holiday Films DVD, MP4 Download, USB
Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Heroes
Medal Of Honor Victoria Cross Legion Of Honour DVD MP4 USB Drive
December 19: National Heroes And Heroines
Day: -- Honors the remarkable individuals who have left a lasting
mark on their countries. Celebrated on different dates worldwide,
it's a day dedicated to honoring those who've made significant
contributions to their nation's progress and freedom. For example,
Anguilla observes this special day on December 19, recognizing the
heroes who played vital roles in the island's history. Meanwhile,
the Philippines sets aside the last Monday of August to remember
its national heroes. This day brings people together, reflecting
on the bravery and selflessness of these extraordinary people. The
purpose of National Heroes and Heroines Day is clear and powerful.
It's a time for us to remember and appreciate the courage and
dedication of those who fought for the betterment of their
homeland. These heroes come from various backgrounds, but they all
share a common trait: a willingness to put others before
themselves. By commemorating their achievements, we're reminded of
the impact a single individual can have on the course of history.
It's not just about looking back; it's about inspiring current and
future generations to carry forward the legacy of these heroes.
Why do we celebrate this day? The reasons are many and meaningful.
First, it's about gratitude. We recognize the sacrifices made by
these individuals, often at great personal cost. Second, it is an
educational moment, teaching us about the pivotal events that
shaped our nations. Finally, it's a call to action-a reminder that
we, too, can significantly contribute to our community and
country. National Heroes and Heroines Day isn't just a day off;
it's a day of reflection, inspiration, and aspiration, urging us
to follow in the footsteps of those we honor. The history of
National Heroes and Heroines Day varies across countries,
reflecting each nation's unique journey and the individuals who
have shaped it. In some places, this day has roots in specific
historical events. For instance, the United States once observed
November 11th as Armistice Day, marking the end of World War I, a
day now expanded to honor all heroes. Anguilla celebrates it on
December 19th, a date chosen to remember the efforts of those
who've significantly influenced the island's history, particularly
after a pivotal moment in 1967 when Anguillans asserted their
autonomy. Every country has its own story of why it celebrates
National Heroes and Heroines Day. These celebrations provide a
window into the nation's soul, showcasing the values and struggles
that have defined its people. In the Philippines, the last Monday
of August pays tribute to the heroes of the Cry of Pugad Lawin,
symbolizing the beginning of their fight for independence. Rwanda
observes it on February 1st, focusing on the highest values of
patriotism and sacrifice. These examples highlight how each
country tailors the day to honor those who've exemplified courage,
wisdom, and dedication to their homeland. The reasons behind
establishing National Heroes and Heroines Day in various countries
are deeply rooted in the desire to remember, honor, and learn from
the past. It's a day that cuts across cultures and histories,
uniting people in the appreciation of figures who've made profound
impacts. From military leaders and freedom fighters to advocates
for social justice and the arts, National Heroes and Heroines Day
serves as a reminder of the potential for greatness within each
society. It encourages current and future generations to remember
the sacrifices made and to aspire to make their own positive
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Monarchy
In The UK: British Royal History MP4 Video Download DVD Set
December 19, 1154: The English Monarchy
(The Monarchy Of The Kingdom Of England): Coronations: -- Henry II
Of England is crowned at Westminster Abbey. Henry II (March 5,
1133 - July 6, 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle (French:
Court-manteau), Henry FitzEmpress or Henry Plantagenet, ruled as
Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Duke of Normandy, Duke of
Aquitaine, Count of Nantes, King Of England and Lord Of Ireland;
at various times, he also controlled Wales, Scotland and Brittany.
In 1151 he married Eleanor Of Aquitaine, whose marriage to Louis
VII of France had recently been annulled. Henry was an energetic
and sometimes ruthless ruler, driven by a desire to restore the
lands and privileges of his grandfather Henry I. During the early
years of his reign the younger Henry restored the royal
administration in England, re-established hegemony over Wales and
gained full control over his lands in Anjou, Maine and Touraine.
Henry's desire to reform the relationship with the Church led to
conflict with his former friend Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of
Canterbury. This controversy lasted for much of the 1160s and
resulted in Becket's murder in 1170. Henry soon came into conflict
with Louis VII and the two rulers fought what has been termed a
"cold war" over several decades. Henry expanded his
empire, often at Louis' expense, taking Brittany and pushing east
into central France and south into Toulouse; despite numerous
peace conferences and treaties, no lasting agreement was reached.
By 1172, he controlled England, large parts of Wales, the eastern
half of Ireland and the western half of France, an area that would
later come to be called the Angevin Empire. Henry and Eleanor had
eight children. As they grew up, tensions over the future
inheritance of the empire began to emerge, encouraged by Louis and
his son King Philip II. In 1173 Henry's heir apparent, "Young
Henry", rebelled in protest; he was joined by his brothers
Richard and Geoffrey and by their mother, Eleanor. France,
Scotland, Brittany, Flanders, and Boulogne allied themselves with
the rebels. The Great Revolt was only defeated by Henry's vigorous
military action and talented local commanders, many of them "new
men" appointed for their loyalty and administrative skills.
Young Henry and Geoffrey revolted again in 1183, resulting in
Young Henry's death. The Norman invasion of Ireland provided lands
for his youngest son John, but Henry struggled to find ways to
satisfy all his sons' desires for land and immediate power. Philip
successfully played on Richard's fears that Henry would make John
king, and a final rebellion broke out in 1189. Decisively defeated
by Philip and Richard and suffering from a bleeding ulcer, Henry
retreated to Chinon castle in Anjou, where he died. Henry's empire
quickly collapsed during the reign of his youngest son John,
however many of the changes Henry introduced during his long rule
had long-term consequences. Henry's legal changes are generally
considered to have laid the basis for the English Common Law,
while his intervention in Brittany, Wales and Scotland shaped the
development of their societies and governmental systems. "The
Lion in Winter" is a 1966 play by James Goldman, depicting
the personal and political conflicts of Henry II Of England, his
wife Eleanor Of Aquitaine, their children and their guests during
Christmas 1183. It premiered on Broadway at the Ambassador Theatre
on March 3, 1966, starring Robert Preston and Rosemary Harris, who
won a Tony Award for her portrayal of Eleanor. It was adapted by
Goldman into an Academy Award-winning 1968 film of the same name,
starring Peter O'Toole and Katharine Hepburn. The play has been
produced numerous times, including Broadway and West End revivals.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
American Adventure: TV History Series 1607-1876 DVD MP4 USB Drive
December 19, 1732: First Publications: --
Benjamin Franklin published his first Poor Richards Almanack, an
almanac written under the pseudonym of Richard Saunders. It was
first published for the year of 1733, and thereafter published
once a year for the next 25 years. It contained all sorts of
interesting information such as the calendar, weather predictions,
sayings, poems and demographics. It also included recipes, trivia,
advice, aphorisms, weather predictions, humor, epigrams and
proverbs about industry and frugality. Franklin considered it a
vehicle of instruction for common people who could not afford
books, a literature for the masses. Almanacs were the most read
secular books in the colonies. Franklins greatest business
accomplishment came from the publication of Poor Richards
Almanack. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: American
Revolutionary War Documentaries DVD, Download, USB Drive
December 19, 1777: The Age Of
Enlightenment (The Enlightenment, The Age Of Reason): The Age Of
Revolution: The Atlantic Revolutions: The American Enlightenment:
The American Revolution: The American Revolutionary War: -- After
failing to retake Philadelphia following the flight of Congress
from the city when the British occupied it in September 1777,
George Washington leads his 12,000-man army into winter quarters
at Valley Forge, located approximately 18 miles (29 km) northwest
of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Valley Forge functioned as the
third of eight winter encampments for the Continental Army's main
body. They remained there for six months, to June 19, 1778. At
Valley Forge, the Continentals struggled to manage a disastrous
supply crisis while retraining and reorganizing their units. About
1,700 to 2,000 soldiers died from disease, possibly exacerbated by
malnutrition. Today, Valley Forge National Historical Park
protects and preserves over 3,500 acres of the original encampment
site. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Assassination Of Abraham Lincoln MP4 Video Download DVD
December 19, 1814: #BOTD: Edwin Stanton,
American lawyer and politician who served as U.S. secretary of war
under the Lincoln Administration during most of the American Civil
War, conspirator and likely mastermind in the assassination of
Abraham Lincoln (d. December 24, 1869) is #born Edwin McMasters
Stanton in Steubenville, Ohio. Stanton's management helped
organize the massive military resources of the North and guide the
Union to victory. However, he was criticized by many Union
generals, who perceived him as overcautious and a micromanager. He
also "organized" the manhunt for Abraham Lincoln's
assassin, John Wilkes Booth. After Lincoln's assassination,
Stanton remained as the secretary of war under the new U.S.
president, Andrew Johnson, during the first years of
Reconstruction. He opposed the lenient policies of Johnson towards
the former Confederate States. Johnson's attempt to dismiss
Stanton ultimately led to Johnson being impeached by the Radical
Republicans in the House of Representatives. Stanton returned to
law after he retired as secretary of war. In 1869, he was
nominated as an associate justice of the Supreme Court by
Johnson's successor, Ulysses S. Grant, but Stanton died four days
after his nomination was confirmed by the Senate. He remains the
only confirmed nominee to accept but die before serving on the
Court. In the 1930s, a book written by Otto Eisenschiml accused
Stanton of arranging the assassination of Lincoln. Eisenschim's
book inspired considerable debate and the 1977 book and movie, The
Lincoln Conspiracy, and the 1971 TV movie/re-enactment, They've
Killed President Lincoln!, narrated by Richard Basehart. Suffering
in his final years of a complex of illnesses, Stanton died in the
evening of an acute asthma attack at his home in Washington, D.C.,
aged 55. He is buried next to his son James Hutchinson Stanton in
Washington D.C.'s Oak Hill Cemetery. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: A
Christmas Carol Fredric March Basil Rathbone DVD Video Download
December 19, 1843: First Publications: --
"A Christmas Carol. In Prose. Being a Ghost Story of
Christmas", commonly known as "A Christmas Carol",
a novella by Charles Dickens, is first published in London by
Chapman & Hall in 1843, illustrated by John Leech. A Christmas
Carol recounts the story of Ebenezer Scrooge, an elderly miser who
is visited by the ghost of his former business partner Jacob
Marley and the spirits of Christmas Past, Present and Yet to Come.
After their visits, Scrooge is transformed into a kinder, gentler
man. Dickens wrote A Christmas Carol during a period when the
British were exploring and re-evaluating past Christmas
traditions, including carols, and newer customs such as Christmas
cards and Christmas trees. He was influenced by the experiences of
his own youth and by the Christmas stories of other authors,
including Washington Irving and Douglas Jerrold. Dickens had
written three Christmas stories prior to the novella, and was
inspired following a visit to the Field Lane Ragged School, one of
several establishments for London's street children. The treatment
of the poor and the ability of a selfish man to redeem himself by
transforming into a more sympathetic character are the key themes
of the story. There is discussion among academics as to whether
this is a fully secular story, or if it is a Christian allegory.
Published on December 19, 1843, the first edition sold out by
Christmas Eve; by the end of 1844, thirteen editions had been
released. Most critics reviewed the novella favourably. The story
was illicitly copied in January 1844; Dickens took legal action
against the publishers, who went bankrupt, further reducing
Dickens's small profits from the publication. He went on to write
four other Christmas stories in subsequent years. In 1849 he began
public readings of the story, which proved so successful he
undertook 127 further performances until 1870, the year of his
death. A Christmas Carol has never been out of print and has been
translated into several languages; the story has been adapted many
times for film, stage, opera and other media. A Christmas Carol
captured the zeitgeist of the mid-Victorian revival of the
Christmas holiday. Dickens had acknowledged the influence of the
modern Western observance of Christmas and later inspired several
aspects of Christmas, including family gatherings, seasonal food
and drink, dancing, games and a festive generosity of spirit. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Satchmo In
New Orleans Louis Armstrong + Bonus Title DVD MP4 USB Drive
December 19, 1885: #BOTD: #HBD! King
Oliver, African American jazz pioneer, cornet player, composer and
bandleader (d. April 10, 1938) is #born Joseph Nathan Oliver in
Aben, Louisiana. Better known as King Oliver or Joe Oliver, he was
particularly recognized for his playing style and his pioneering
use of mutes in jazz. Also a notable composer, he wrote many tunes
still played today, including "Dippermouth Blues",
"Sweet Like This", "Canal Street Blues", and
"Doctor Jazz". He was the mentor and teacher of Louis
Armstrong. His influence was such that Armstrong claimed, "if
it had not been for Joe Oliver, Jazz would not be what it is
today." King Oliver dies in poverty of arteriosclerosis, an
illness he was too poor to afford treatment for, in a Savannah,
Georgia rooming house at the age of 56. His sister spent her rent
money to have his body brought to New York, where he was buried at
Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx. Armstrong and other loyal musician
friends were in attendance. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Second
Russian Revolution TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
December 19, 1906: #BOTD: Leonid
Brezhnev, Ukrainian-Russian marshal, engineer, and politician, 4th
Head of State of the Soviet Union (d. November 10, 1982) is #born.
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet
Union from 1964 to 1982 as the General Secretary of the Central
Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU),
presiding over the country until his death and funeral in 1982.
His eighteen-year term as General Secretary was second only to
that of Joseph Stalin in duration. During Brezhnev's rule, the
global influence of the Soviet Union grew dramatically, in part
because of the expansion of the Soviet military during this time.
His tenure as leader was marked by the beginning of an era of
economic and social stagnation in the Soviet Union. Brezhnev was
#born in Kamenskoye (now Kamianske, Ukraine) into a Russian
worker's family in 1906. After graduating from the
Dniprodzerzhynsk Metallurgical Technicum, he became a
metallurgical engineer in the iron and steel industry, in Ukraine.
With the onset of World War II, he was drafted into immediate
military service and left the army in 1946 with the rank of major
general. In 1952, Brezhnev was promoted to the Central Committee
and, in 1964, succeeded Nikita Khrushchev as First Secretary of
the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. As the leader of the
Soviet Union, Brezhnev's conservatism and carefulness to reach
decisions by consensus with the rest of the Politburo resulted in
sustained political stability within the country. However, his
hostility towards reform and active cultivation of cronyism
ushered in a period of pervasive corruption and socioeconomic
decline that came to be known as the Brezhnev Stagnation. Such
internal problems were further compounded by an enormous arms
buildup that eventually grew to comprise 12.5% of the nation's
GNP. On the world stage, Brezhnev pushed hard for the adoption of
detente, a commitment by both two superpowers towards the
relaxation of Cold War tensions and economic cooperation. Despite
such diplomatic gestures, Brezhnev's regime presided over an
aggressive foreign policy characterized by the 1968 invasion of
Czechoslovakia, massive military support for Communist forces in
Vietnam, and the 1979 armed intervention in Afghanistan.
Ultimately, in December 1981, he opted not to have the Soviet
military suppress unrest in Poland thereby marking the end of the
interventionist Brezhnev Doctrine. Brezhnev died after years of
declining health in Zarechye in the Odintsovsky District of Moscow
Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union. He was honored with a state
funeral after a five-day period of nationwide mourning. He was
buried in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis in Red Square, in one of the
twelve individual tombs located between the Lenin Mausoleum and
the Kremlin wall. National and international statesmen from around
the globe attended his funeral. His wife and family were also
present. Brezhnev was dressed for burial in his Marshal's uniform
along with his medals. His eighteen-year term as General Secretary
was second only to that of Joseph Stalin in duration. During
Brezhnev's rule, the global influence of the Soviet Union grew
dramatically, in part because of the expansion of the Soviet
military during this time. His tenure as leader was marked by the
beginning of an era of economic and social stagnation in the
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Paris: The
Outraged City Cities At War WWII France DVD, MP4, USB Drive
December 19, 1915: #BOTD: #HBD! Edith
Piaf, French singer, songwriter, cabaret performer and film
actress noted as France's national chanteuse, one of the France's
most widely known international stars and one of the most
celebrated performers of the 20th century (d. October 10, 1963)
#born Edith Giovanna Gassion in Belleville, Paris. Despite
numerous biographies, much of Piaf's life is unknown. Legend has
it that she was born on the pavement of Rue de Belleville 72, but
her birth certificate says that she was born at the Hopital Tenon,
a hospital located at the 20th arrondissement. She was named Edith
after the World War I British nurse Edith Cavell, who was executed
2 months before Edith's birth for helping French soldiers escape
from German captivity. Piaf, slang for "sparrow", was a
nickname she received 20 years later. Edith Piaf's music was often
autobiographical and she specialized in chanson and torch ballads
about love, loss and sorrow. Her most widely known songs include
"La Vie en rose" (1946), "Non, je ne regrette rien"
(1960), "Hymne a l'amour" (1949), "Milord"
(1959), "La Foule" (1957), "L'Accordeoniste"
(1940), and "Padam, padam..." (1951). She died of a
ruptured aneurysm due to liver failure at age 47 at her villa in
Plascassier (Grasse), on the French Riviera; her last words were
"Every damn thing you do in this life, you have to pay for."
She is buried at Pere Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, France. Since
her death in 1963, several biographies and films have studied her
life, including 2007's Academy Award-winning La Vie en rose. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Martin
Luther King Jr. Interviews 2 Volume MP4 Download Or DVD Set
December 19, 1920: #BOTD: #HBD! David
Susskind, American soldier, talk show host and producer of TV,
movies, and stage plays (d. February 22, 1987) is #born David
Howard Susskind to a Jewish family of modest means in Manhattan.
He is known was his innovative talk shows which addressed timely,
controversial topics beyond the scope of others of the day. He
graduated from Brookline High School in Brookline, Massachusetts
in 1938. He attended the University of Wisconsin-Madison and then
Harvard University, graduating with honors in 1942. He served in
the Navy during World War II and, as communications officer on an
attack transport, USS Mellette, saw action at Iwo Jima and
Okinawa. His first job after the war was as a press agent for
Warner Brothers. Next he was a talent agent for Century Artists,
ultimately ending up in the powerhouse Music Corporation of
America's newly minted television programming department, managing
Dinah Shore, Jerry Lewis, and others. In New York, Susskind formed
Talent Associates, representing creators of material rather than
performers. In 1954, Susskind became producer of the NBC legal
drama Justice, based on case files of the Legal Aid Society of New
York. His program, Open End, began in 1958 on New York City's
commercial independent station WNTA-TV, channel 13, the
predecessor to WNET, and was appropriately titled: the program
continued until Susskind or his guests were too tired to continue.
His interview of Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, which aired in
October 1960, during the height of the Cold War, generated
national attention. It is one of the very few talk show telecasts
from the era that was preserved and can be viewed today. In 1961,
Susskind conducted a series of interviews with former President
Harry Truman in Truman's hometown of Independence, Missouri. After
picking Truman up at his home to take him to the Truman
Presidential Library for the interviews over a number of days,
Susskind asked Truman why he hadn't been invited into the home.
According to presidential historian Michael Beschloss, Truman
flatly told Susskind, "This is Bess's house" and that
there had never been nor would there ever be a Jewish guest in
there. In 1961, Open End was constrained to two hours and went
into national syndication. The show was retitled The David
Susskind Show for its telecast on Sunday night, October 2, 1966.
In the 1960s it was the first nationally broadcast television talk
show to feature people speaking out against American involvement
in the Vietnam War. In the 1970s it was the first nationally
broadcast television talk show to feature people speaking out for
gay rights. The show continued until its New York outlet cancelled
it in 1986, approximately six months before Susskind died. Joyce
Davidson, with whom Susskind was in a relationship, began working
as a co-producer of a television talk show Susskind hosted locally
in New York called Hot Line in June 1964. It was a different show
from the Open End talk show. Hot Line was the first television
show to use the recently invented ten-second broadcast delay. This
gave the control room time to delete material deemed unfit for
broadcast, especially from telephone call-ins. Davidson had a hand
in the on-air version of the show and among other duties screened
viewer phone calls. She also made the first approach to some of
the people who appeared as guests on Hot Line, including Malcolm
X, whom she invited for Hot Line immediately after he gave a
speech at The Town Hall. Notwithstanding a perhaps courageous
willingness to present challenging political issues of his times
to audiences, a thorough analysis of his editorial perspective
would be incomplete without considering recently unearthed film
footage of Susskind's 1968 appearance on The Eamonn Andrews Show,
when he excoriated Muhammad Ali with withering criticism for
refusing to be conscripted into the U.S. military for the Vietnam
War. His legacy is that of a producer of intelligent material at a
time when TV had left its golden years behind and had firmly
planted its feet in programming which had wide appeal, whether or
not it was worth watching. Among other projects, he produced
television adaptations of Beyond This Place (1957), The Bridge of
San Luis Rey (1958), The Moon and Sixpence (1960), Ages of Man
(1966), Death Of A Salesman (also 1966), Look Homeward, Angel
(1972), The Glass Menagerie (1973), and Caesar and Cleopatra
(1976); the television films Truman at Potsdam (1976), Eleanor and
Franklin (1976), and Eleanor and Franklin: The White House Years
(1977); and the feature films A Raisin in the Sun (1961), Loving
Couples (1980). In 1964, he produced Craig Stevens's acclaimed CBS
drama Mr. Broadway, which left the air after thirteen episodes. He
also produced and owned all the rights to the 1961
fourteen-episode macabre CBS TV series - Way Out. His production
company, Talent Associates, also produced Get Smart. Susskind was
married twice. Both of his marriages ended in divorce. In 1939, he
married Phyllis Briskin; they had three children: Diana Susskind
Laptook, Pamela Susskind Schaenen, and Andrew Susskind. They
divorced in 1966. In the same year he married Joyce Davidson, who
had two daughters from a prior marriage, Connie and Shelley. They
had a daughter, Samantha Maria Susskind Mannion. They divorced in
1986. Susskind was first cousin to television writer and producer
Norman Lear. David Susskind died at the age of 66 of a heart
attack in New York City. He was interred at Westchester Hills
Cemetery in Hastings-on-Hudson, New York. On Sale @ 15% Off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Color
Adjustment 40 Years Of Black America On Broadcast TV DVD MP4 USB
December 19, 1924: #BOTD: #HBD! Cicely
Tyson, African American actress, fashion model and beauty (d.
January 28, 2021) is #born Cicely L. Tyson in Harlem, the daughter
of Frederica Tyson, a domestic worker, and William Augustine
Tyson, who worked as a carpenter, painter, and at any other jobs
he could find. Her parents were immigrants from Nevis in the West
Indies. Her father arrived in New York City at age 21 and was
processed at Ellis Island on August 4, 1919. In a career spanning
more than seven decades, she has become known for her portrayal of
strong African American women. Tyson is the recipient of three
Primetime Emmy Awards, four Black Reel Awards, one Screen Actors
Guild Award, one Tony Award, an honorary Academy Award, and a
Peabody Award. Having appeared in minor film and television roles
early in her career, Tyson garnered widespread attention and
critical acclaim for her performance as Rebecca Morgan in Sounder
(1972); she was nominated for both the Academy Award and Golden
Globe Award for Best Actress for her work in the film. Tyson's
portrayal of the title role in the 1974 television film The
Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman won her further praise; among
other accolades, the role won her two Emmy Awards and a nomination
for a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role. Tyson has
continued to act in film and on television in the 21st century. In
2011, she played the role of Constantine Jefferson in the
award-winning film The Help. She has also played the role of
Ophelia Harkness in American Broadcasting Company's legal drama
How to Get Away With Murder since the show's inception in 2014,
for which she was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for
Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series five times. In
addition to her screen career, Tyson has appeared in various
theater productions. She received a Drama Desk Award in 1962 for
her Off-Broadway performance in Moon on a Rainbow Shawl. Tyson
also starred as Carrie Watts in the Broadway play The Trip to
Bountiful, winning the Tony Award, the Outer Critics Award, and
the Drama Desk Award for Best Actress in a Play in 2013. Tyson was
named a Kennedy Center honoree in 2015. In November 2016, Tyson
received the Presidential Medal Of Freedom, which is the highest
civilian honor in the United States. In 2020, she was inducted
into the Television Hall of Fame. Cicely Tyson died at the age of
96 of natural causes in New York City. Her funeral was held
February 16 at the Abyssinian Baptist Church in Harlem, and was
attended by Tyler Perry, her godson Lenny Kravitz, and Bill and
Hillary Clinton. She is buried at Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx,
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: BBC
Engineering Society 40 Years Of BBC Engineering CD, MP3, USB Stick
December 19, 1932: The History Of
Broadcasting: The History Of Radio Broadcasting: The History Of
British Radio Broadcasting: Radio Premieres: British Radio
Premieres: The BBC World Service: -- The BBC World Service radio
organization begins broadcasting as the BBC Empire Service,
broadcasting on shortwave and aimed principally at
English-speakers across the British Empire. In his first Christmas
Message (1932), King George V characterised the service as
intended for "men and women, so cut off by the snow, the
desert, or the sea, that only voices out of the air can reach
them". First hopes for the Empire Service were low. The
Director General, Sir John Reith said in the opening programme:
"Don't expect too much in the early days; for some time we
shall transmit comparatively simple programmes, to give the best
chance of intelligible reception and provide evidence as to the
type of material most suitable for the service in each zone. The
programmes will neither be very interesting nor very good."
This address was read out five times as the BBC broadcast it live
to different parts of the world. Today, The BBC World Service is
an international broadcaster, the world's largest of any kind. It
broadcasts radio news, speech and discussions in more than 40
languages to many parts of the world on analogue and digital
shortwave platforms, internet streaming, podcasting, satellite,
DAB, FM and MW relays. In 2015, The World Service reached an
average of 210 million people a week (via TV, radio and online).
In November 2016, the BBC announced that it would start
broadcasting in additional languages including Amharic and Igbo,
in its biggest expansion since the 1940s. The World Service is
funded by the United Kingdom's television licence fee, limited
advertising and the profits of BBC Studios. The service is also
guaranteed 289M Pounds Sterling (allocated over a five-year period
ending in 2020) from the UK government. The World Service was
funded for decades by grant-in-aid through the Foreign and
Commonwealth Office of the British Government until April 1 2014.
BBC World Service English maintains eight regional feeds with
several programme variations, covering, respectively, East and
South Africa; West and Central Africa; Europe and Middle East;
Americas and Caribbean; East Asia; South Asia; Australasia; United
Kingdom. There are also two separate online-only streams with one
being more news-oriented, known as News Internet. The service
broadcasts 24 hours a day. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: A Duke
Named Ellington TV Series Duke Ellington DVD Download USB Drive
December 19, 1936: Aesthetics: The
Performing Arts: Music: Music History: Music Of The United States:
African-American Aesthetics: Jazz: The History Of Jazz: First
Recordings: -- The first recording of Caravan, the most covered
song in history with over 500 versions published, is first
performed by Barney Bigard And His Jazzopators; they are in fact
the Duke Ellington Orchestra because it the recording session was
performed under Barney Bigard's aegis. #FirstRecordings
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Berkeley
In The Sixties DVD, MP4 Video Download, USB Flash Drive
December 19, 1940: #BOTD: #HBD! Phil
Ochs, American protest singer (or, as he preferred, a topical
singer), songwriter and guitarist (d. April 9, 1976) is #born
Philip David Ochs in El Paso, Texas. Known for his sharp wit,
sardonic humor, earnest humanism, political activism, insightful
and alliterative lyrics, and distinctive voice, he wrote hundreds
of songs in the 1960s and 1970s and released eight albums. Ochs
performed at many political events during the 1960s counterculture
era, including anti-Vietnam War and civil rights rallies, student
events, and organized labor events over the course of his career,
in addition to many concert appearances at such venues as New York
City's Town Hall and Carnegie Hall. Politically, Ochs described
himself as a "left social democrat" who became an "early
revolutionary" after the protests at the 1968 Democratic
National Convention in Chicago led to a police riot, which had a
profound effect on his state of mind. After years of prolific
writing in the 1960s, Ochs' mental stability declined in the
1970s. He eventually succumbed to a number of problems including
bipolar disorder and alcoholism, and committed suicide by hanging
himself in his sister Sonny's home in Far Rockaway, New York, aged
35. His remains were cremated, and the ashes scattered in
Scotland. Some of Ochs' major musical influences were Woody
Guthrie, Pete Seeger, Buddy Holly, Elvis Presley, Bob Gibson,
Faron Young, and Merle Haggard. His best-known songs include "I
Ain't Marching Anymore", "Changes", "Crucifixion",
"Draft Dodger Rag", "Love Me, I'm a Liberal",
"Outside of a Small Circle of Friends", "Power and
the Glory", "There but for Fortune", and "The
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Rock &
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December 19, 1941: #BOTD: #HBD! Maurice
White, African American singer, musician, songwriter, bandleader,
and record producer, best known as the founder, leader, main
songwriter and chief producer of the band Earth, Wind & Fire,
also serving as the band's co-lead singer with Philip Bailey (d.
February 4, 2016) is #born in Memphis, Tennessee. Described as a
"visionary" by Vibe and a "mastermind" by
Variety, White was nominated for a total of 22 Grammys, of which
he won seven. He was inducted into The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame
and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame as a member of Earth, Wind &
Fire, and was also inducted individually into the Songwriters Hall
of Fame. White also worked with musical acts such as Deniece
Williams, Cher, The Emotions, Barbra Streisand, Ramsey Lewis, and
Neil Diamond. Maurice White died in the morning in his sleep at
his Los Angeles, California home from the effects of Parkinson's
disease at the age of 74. His brother Verdine said, "My
brother, hero and best friend Maurice White passed away peacefully
last night in his sleep. While the world has lost another great
musician and legend, our family asks that our privacy is respected
as we start what will be a very difficult and life-changing
transition in our lives. Thank you for your prayers and
well-wishes." His remains were cremated, and his ashes were
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: One Of The
Reasons Why: The War In Vietnam 1945-46 DVD MP4 USB Drive
December 19, 1946: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Indochina Wars: The First Indochina War
(1946-1954) (The Indochina War, The Anti-French Resistance War,
The French-Indochina War): -- The First Indochina War begins when
Ho Chi Minh and his Viet Minh forces attack the French occupation
forces, seeking to oust them from Vietnam; the war would last
until August 1, 1954, but it was also the beginning of a thirty
year conflict which eventually led to heavy U.S. involvement and
ended in 1975 with U.S. withdrawal from South Vietnam. Fighting
between French forces and their Viet Minh opponents in the south
dated from September 1945. The conflict pitted a range of forces,
including the French Union's French Far East Expeditionary Corps,
led by France and supported by Emperor Bao Dai's Vietnamese
National Army against the Viet Minh, led by Ho Chi Minh and The
People's Army Of Vietnam led by Vo Nguyen Giap. Most of the
fighting took place in Tonkin in northern Vietnam, although the
conflict engulfed the entire country and also extended into the
neighboring French Indochina protectorates of Laos and Cambodia.
At the Potsdam Conference in July 1945, the Combined Chiefs of
Staff decided that Indochina south of latitude 16 deg. north was
to be included in the Southeast Asia Command under British Admiral
Mountbatten. Japanese forces located south of that line
surrendered to him and those to the north surrendered to
Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. In September 1945, Chinese forces
entered Tonkin and a small British task force landed at Saigon.
The Chinese accepted the Vietnamese government under Ho Chi Minh,
then in power in Hanoi. The British refused to do likewise in
Saigon, and deferred to the French there from the outset, against
the ostensible support of the Viet Minh authorities by American
OSS representatives. On V-J Day, September 2, Ho Chi Minh had
proclaimed in Hanoi the establishment of the Democratic Republic
of Vietnam (DRV). The DRV ruled as the only civil government in
all of Vietnam for a period of about 20 days, after the abdication
of Emperor Bao Dai, who had governed under Japanese rule and thus
was considered a "Japanese puppet" by the Viet Minh. On
23 September 1945, with the knowledge of the British commander in
Saigon, French forces overthrew the local DRV government, and
declared French authority restored in Cochinchina. Guerrilla
warfare began around Saigon immediately. The first few years of
the war involved a low-level rural insurgency against the French.
However, after the Chinese communists reached the northern border
of Vietnam in 1949, the conflict turned into a conventional war
between two armies equipped with modern weapons supplied by the
United States and the Soviet Union. French Union forces included
colonial troops from the whole former empire (Moroccan, Algerian,
Tunisian, Laotian, Cambodian, and Vietnamese ethnic minorities),
French professional troops and units of the French Foreign Legion.
The use of metropolitan recruits was forbidden by the government
to prevent the war from becoming even more unpopular at home. It
was called the "dirty war" (la sale guerre) by leftists
in France. French efforts were difficult due to the limited
usefulness of armored tanks in a jungle environment, lack of
strong air forces for air cover and carpet bombing, and use of
foreign recruits from other French colonies (mainly from Algeria,
Morocco and even Vietnam). Vo Nguyen Giap, however, used efficient
and novel tactics of direct fire artillery, convoy ambushes and
amassed anti-aircraft guns to impede land and air supply
deliveries together with a strategy based on recruiting a sizable
regular army facilitated by wide popular support, a guerrilla
warfare doctrine and instruction developed in China, and the use
of simple and reliable war material provided by the Soviet Union.
This combination proved fatal for the French, culminating in their
decisive defeat at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu. At the
International Geneva Conference on July 21, 1954, the new
socialist French government and the Viet Minh made an agreement
that was denounced by the State of Vietnam and by the United
States, but which effectively gave the Viet Minh control of North
Vietnam above the 17th parallel. The south continued under Emperor
Bao Dai. A year later, Bao Dai would be deposed by his prime
minister, Ngo Dinh Diem, creating the Republic of Vietnam. Soon an
insurgency, backed by the north, developed against Diem's
government. The conflict gradually escalated into the Vietnam War.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Heart Of
The Dragon TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
December 19, 1984: China: The History Of
China: The History Of Hong Kong: China-United Kingdom Relations:
Decolonization: British Decolonization: British Decolonization Of
China: The Handover Of Hong Kong (Traditional Chinese: Xianggang
Huigui, "Hong Kong's Return"): The Sino-British Joint
Declaration: -- Deng Xiaoping and Margaret Thatcher sign The
Sino-British Joint Declaration in Beijing, China, stating that
China would resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and
the United Kingdom would restore Hong Kong to China with effect
from July 1, 1997. Hong Kong had been a colony of the British
Empire since 1842 and its territory was expanded on two occasions;
first in 1860 with the addition of Kowloon Peninsula and
Stonecutters Island, as both were ceded in perpetuity, and again
in 1898 when Britain obtained a 99-year lease for the New
Territories. The date of the handover in 1997 marked the end of
this lease. The Chinese government declared in the treaty its
basic policies for governing Hong Kong after the transfer. A
special administrative region would be established in the
territory that would be self-governing with a high degree of
autonomy, except in foreign affairs and defence. Hong Kong would
maintain its existing governing and economic systems separate from
that of mainland China under the principle of "one country,
two systems". This blueprint would be elaborated on in the
Hong Kong Basic Law (the post-handover regional constitution) and
the central government's policies for the territory were to remain
unchanged for a period of 50 years after 1997. China has
disingenuously stated since 2014 that it considers the treaty to
be spent with no further legal effect, while the United Kingdom
correctly maintains that the document remains binding in
operation. Following China's 2020 imposition of national security
legislation on Hong Kong and a 2021 National People's Congress
decision to approve a rework of local election laws that reduces
the number of regional legislature seats elected by the public,
the UK has declared China as being in a "state of ongoing
non-compliance" with the Joint Declaration. Since 2017, China
falsely deemed the document expired and invalid as of June 30,
1997, while the UK continues to accurately assert that China is
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Today's
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Hitler's War 2 Part WWII TV Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB
Today's
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Years Together: Channel 2 And You WCBS-TV (1991) DVD MP4 USB Drive
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Shadow Of Andrei Sakharov DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today's
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Open Mind With Bill Jenkins Radio Series DVD, MP3 Download, USB
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Space Films 5: Apollo Moon Exploration Films DVD, Download, USB
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The Moocher And Many Many More DVD, Video Download, Flash Drive
Today's
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Paar Late-Night TV Talk Shows DVD, MP4 Download, USB Flash Drive
Today's
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Madness! 1950s-60s-70s Radio Shows DVD, MP3 Download, USB Drive
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Roll An Unruly History 10 Part TV Series MP4 Video Download DVD
Today's
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The Prize II: America At The Racial Crossroads DVD MP4 USB
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To Come 1936 H.G. Wells Raymond Massey Ralph Richardson MP4 DVD
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